Population and Demographics of Czechia
Population declining at 0.68% in 2024 · 20.85% aged 65 or older
The fertility estimate of 1.5 should be read with the age profile, where 15.40% are children and 20.85% are older adults. By 2050, the medium path points to 9.83 million, equivalent to a -8.5% change from the 2024 estimate.
Population Over Time in Czechia
Czechia's population stood at 10.237M in 2000 and 10.736M in 2024, equivalent to a +4.9% change over that period. By 2050, the medium path reaches 9.826M, which would make the population smaller than in 2024. The chart connects dated reference points only and should not be read as an annual interpolated series.
Age Structure and Sex Balance
The balance between children, working-age adults and older residents gives Czechia a older age profile. The 65+ share is 20.85%, clearly above the 15.40% under-15 share, while 63.75% fall in the 15 to 64 band. Older adults outnumber children in these broad age bands.
Population by broad age group
In the World Bank 2024 series, females account for 50.7% of Czechia's population and males 49.3%. Females exceed males by 1.4 percentage points.
Female and male population share
Females made up 50.7% of the population in the World Bank's 2024 series, compared with 49.3% males.
What Is Shaping Population Change
Fertility is 1.5 in Czechia, while annual population change is -0.68% in 2024, with age composition adding a 5.45-point gap between children and older adults.
Historical change in Czechia totals +4.9% between 2000 and 2024, and the 2050 medium path differs from 2024 by -8.5%; interpreting the components of that change requires evidence not supplied by the aggregate series.
2024 estimate for Czechia. The world comparison value is 2.25 children per woman.
Czechia vs. World
A same-year comparison shows Czechia at -0.68% annual growth, 1.5 children per woman and a median age of 43, against world values of +0.87%, 2.25 and 30.6.
| Indicator | Czechia | World | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Annual population change | -0.68% | +0.87% | 2024 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.5 | 2.25 | 2024 |
| Median age | 43 | 30.6 | 2024 |
This comparison avoids mixed-year arithmetic by keeping Czechia and the world on the same 2024 harmonized demographic table.
Key Takeaways
The 2024 total is 10,735,859 people. Annual change in the same harmonized table is -0.68%.
The 2024 age structure is 15.40% under 15, 63.75% aged 15 to 64 and 20.85% aged 65 or older.
Females make up 50.7% of the 2024 population in the World Bank indicator, with males at 49.3%.
On the medium path, 2050 reaches 9.826M, a -8.5% shift from the 2024 level.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Czechia?
The 2024 harmonized population estimate for Czechia is 10,735,859 people.
Is the population of Czechia growing or declining?
In the 2024 estimate, Czechia's population is declining, with annual change of -0.68%.
What percentage of the population of Czechia is aged 65 or older?
People aged 65 or older account for 20.85% of Czechia's 2024 population in the UN WPP-based broad age data.
What is the projected population of Czechia in 2050?
The UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium projection puts Czechia's 2050 population at 9,825,543.
What is the fertility rate in Czechia?
The 2024 harmonized fertility estimate for Czechia is 1.5 children per woman.
Sources & methodology
This profile uses United Nations World Population Prospects 2024 as the primary framework for globally comparable population, age, fertility and projection data. The World Bank is the primary source for the female population share. Some country values were accessed through secondary retrieval interfaces that republish or organize UN data; those interfaces are identified below as secondary and are not treated as the original statistical publishers.
View sources used for this page
Primary global framework for the population estimates and projections.
Harmonized 2024 country table based on UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Harmonized broad age shares based on UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Harmonized reference for the 2000 population point.
Harmonized 2050 country projection based on UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Used for the 2024 female share; the male share is calculated as the remainder to 100%.