Population and Demographics of Luxembourg
An aging population · 15.48% aged 65 or older in 2024
Luxembourg's 2024 population structure is anchored by a 68.74% share aged 15 to 64, alongside an under-15 share of 15.78% and a 65-plus share of 15.48%. Over the 24 years from 2000 to 2024, Luxembourg moved +54.3% in population size. That context matters for the outlook: the 2050 medium projection is 791.5 thousand, 17.6% higher than in 2024.
Population Over Time in Luxembourg
Between 2000 and 2024, Luxembourg's population increased by about 0.24 million, moving from 0.436M to 0.673M. The central 2050 projection is 0.791M, implying a +17.6% change from 2024 if that path is realized. The chart connects dated reference points only and should not be read as an annual interpolated series.
Age Structure and Sex Balance
Broad age shares place Luxembourg in a maturing demographic position in 2024. Children under 15 account for 15.78% of residents, people 65+ for 15.48%, and the 15 to 64 group for 68.74%. The youngest and oldest broad age groups are relatively close in size.
Population by broad age group
Luxembourg's 2024 population is 49.7% female and 50.3% male in the World Bank series. The split is close to even.
Female and male population share
Males made up 50.3% of the population in the World Bank's 2024 series, compared with 49.7% females.
What Is Shaping Population Change
Luxembourg's 2024 demographic snapshot includes +1.19% annual change plus fertility of 1.4, against an age structure of 15.78% under 15, 68.74% aged 15 to 64 and 15.48% at 65-plus.
Population change before the projection period is +54.3% for Luxembourg between 2000 and 2024, and the UN medium projection subsequently changes the total +17.6% by 2050; separate component statistics would be needed to attribute the movement.
2024 estimate for Luxembourg. The world comparison value is 2.25 children per woman.
Luxembourg vs. World
Relative to the 2024 world benchmarks, Luxembourg's population change is higher than the global rate, its fertility is below the global level, and its population is older than the corresponding global median-age profile.
| Indicator | Luxembourg | World | Year |
|---|---|---|---|
| Annual population change | +1.19% | +0.87% | 2024 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.4 | 2.25 | 2024 |
| Median age | 39 | 30.6 | 2024 |
This comparison avoids mixed-year arithmetic by keeping Luxembourg and the world on the same 2024 harmonized demographic table.
Key Takeaways
The 2024 total is 673,036 people. Annual change in the same harmonized table is +1.19%.
Broad age shares show 15.48% aged 65+ compared with 15.78% under 15; the 15 to 64 group accounts for 68.74%.
The 2024 female and male shares are 49.7% and 50.3% respectively.
The 2050 medium projection is 0.791M, 17.6% above the 2024 estimate.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is the population of Luxembourg?
The 2024 harmonized population estimate for Luxembourg is 673,036 people.
Is the population of Luxembourg growing or declining?
In the 2024 estimate, Luxembourg's population is growing, with annual change of +1.19%.
What percentage of the population of Luxembourg is aged 65 or older?
People aged 65 or older account for 15.48% of Luxembourg's 2024 population in the UN WPP-based broad age data.
What is the projected population of Luxembourg in 2050?
The UN World Population Prospects 2024 medium projection puts Luxembourg's 2050 population at 791,464.
What is the fertility rate in Luxembourg?
The 2024 harmonized fertility estimate for Luxembourg is 1.4 children per woman.
Sources & methodology
This profile uses United Nations World Population Prospects 2024 as the primary framework for globally comparable population, age, fertility and projection data. The World Bank is the primary source for the female population share. Some country values were accessed through secondary retrieval interfaces that republish or organize UN data; those interfaces are identified below as secondary and are not treated as the original statistical publishers.
View sources used for this page
Primary global framework for the population estimates and projections.
Harmonized 2024 country table based on UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Harmonized broad age shares based on UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Harmonized reference for the 2000 population point.
Harmonized 2050 country projection based on UN World Population Prospects 2024.
Used for the 2024 female share; the male share is calculated as the remainder to 100%.